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Second, they need to dive into the specifics: Is there a certain minimum amount of social media use that correlates with depression? And then there are all the deeper issues, such as whatвЂ™s behind the age differences for Facebook, Snapchat, and TikTok - not to mention why other social media apps donвЂ™t correlate.ДЄnd then, once we better understand the phenomenon, we will need to figure out what to do about it.ДЇind the full вЂњlong readвЂќ here: Association Between Social Media Use and Self-reported Symptoms of Depression in US Adults First, they need to understand whether the COVID-19 umbrella weвЂ™re all living under affected the results. The study also doesnвЂ™t explain the вЂњwhyвЂќ behind the correlation figuring that out will take much more research. While the fact that some participantsвЂ™ PHQ-9 scores went up over the course of the study suggests that social media use was a potential cause, it could also be that social media use is a вЂњmarkerвЂќ for people who already have an underlying vulnerability to depression. Second, as the reports explains, it found a correlation, not a cause-effect relationship. First, as with all science, it needs to be repeated before we accept it as a real phenomenon. But this study doesnвЂ™t even come close to getting us there. It would be very easy to read this and jump to the conclusion that social media causes depression. They only found one: Snapchat users with other news sources had a lower risk of depressive symptoms. They checked whether there were any contextual influences that might factor in, such as other news sources, social supports, and frequency of in-person social interactions. Moreover, they found that for TikTok and Snapchat, the greater risk existed only for users above age 35, and for Facebook, it was only for those under 35. They found that three of the eight social media apps - Facebook, Snapchat, and TikTok - were associated with a greater risk of increased depressive symptoms. The researchers then went looking for a pattern among those 482. Of the 5,400 who scored less than 5 points the first time (considered вЂњminimal depressionвЂќ), 482 had an increase of 5 or more points on their second PHQ-9. Study participants were asked to fill out the PHQ-9 twice, at least a month apart. The higher the PHQ-9 score, the more severe the signs of depression. The assessment asks nine questions about specific symptoms and assigns 0вЂ“3 points per question, depending on how often the patient exhibits each symptom. They surveyed the study participants on which of eight social media sites and apps they used and also asked participants to complete a commonly used assessment of whether someone is showing signs of depression, called the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (or PHQ-9). The researchers recruited 8,000 people on the internet to participate in the study. Spoiler: The researchers found some specific correlations, but they raise many more questions than they answer. This weekendвЂ™s вЂњlong readвЂќ is a study by Massachusetts General Hospital and 10 academic partners trying to determine if there is a link between social media use and depression.

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